Matilda PRINCESS OF ENGLAND

Notes:

Matilda is the Latin form of Maud, who was the only surviving legitimate child of King Henry I. In something of a political coup for her father, Matilda was betrothed to the German Emperor, Henry V, when she was only eight. They were married on 7 January 1114. She was twelve and he was thirty-two. Unfortunately there were no children and on the Emperor's death in 1125, Matilda was recalled to her father's court. Matilda's only legitimate brother had been killed in the disastrous Wreck of the White Ship in late 1120 and she was now her father's only hope for the continuation of his dynasty. The barons swore allegiance to the young Princess and promised to make her queen after her father's death. But she needed heirs and in April 1127, Matilda found herself obliged to marry Prince Georffrey of Anjou and Maine. He was thirteen and she twenty-three. It is thought that the two never got on. However, despite this unhappy situation, they had three sons in four years. Matilda was absent in Anjou at the time of her father's death on 1 December 1135, possibly due to pregnancy. Matilda was not in much of a position to take up the throne, which had been promised her and she quickly lost out to her fast-moving cousin, Stephen. With her husband, she attempted to take Normandy. With encouragement from supporters in England though, it was not long before Matilda invaded her rightful England domain and so began a long-standing Civil War from the power base of her half-brother, Robert of Gloucester, in the West Country. After three years of armed struggle, she at last gained the upper hand at the Battle of Lincoln, in February 1141, where King Stephen was captured. However, despite being declared Queen or "Lady of the English" at Winchester and winning over Stephen's brother, Henry of Blois, the powerful Bishop of Winchester, Matilda alienated the citizens of London with her arrogant manner. She failed to secure her coronation and the Londoners joined a renewed push from Stephen's Queen and laid seige to the Empress in winchester. She managed to escape to the West, but while commanding her rear guard, her brother was captured by the enemy. Matilda was obliged to swap Stephen for robert on 1st November 1141. Thus the King soon reimposed his Royal authority. In 1148, after the death of her half-brother, Matilda finally returned to Normandy, leaving her son, who in 1154, would become Henry II, to fight on in England. She died at Rouen on the 10th of September 1169 and was buried in Fontevrault Abbey.

Matilda (Maud the Empress) of England (1102-1167), was left the sole legitimate child of Henry I. by the loss of his son in the White Ship (1120). She married (1) Emperor Henry V, Emperor of Rome, and was crowned at Mainz (1114), but was widowed in 1125 and married (2) Geoffrey IV. le Bel, Plantaganet, 10th Count of Anjou and Maine, Duke of Normandy, having won the Duchy from Stephen, son of Fulk V. the Younger, 9th Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem, and his wife, Ermengarde. See their ancestral lineage elsewhere in Vol. I. Her first husband was thirty years older, her second husband, ten years younger than herself. Henry made the barons recognize the Empress as his heir (1126, 1131, and 1133), but when he died Stephen ignored her claim to rule England by hereditary right. The Normans preferred his chivalrous geniality to her haughtiness and they disliked the House of Anjou as much as they did the House of Blois, into which Stephen's mother, the Conqueror's daughter Adela, had married. The Empress appealed to the Pope in vain (1136) and Archbishop Thurstan of York defeated her uncle and champion, David I., King of Scotland (1084-1153) at the Battle of the Standard (1138); but at last she landed in England. Geoffrey was the original Plantaganet, so named by his companions for the broom corn he wore on his person.

Matilda married Geoffrey V "the Fair" PLANTAGENET, Count of Anjou on 22 May 1128 in Cathedral of St. Julian of Le Mans, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France. Geoffrey (son of Fulke V 'the Younger' Count of Anjou, King of Jerusalem and Ermengard OF MAINE) was born on 24 Aug 1113 in Anjou, Pays-de-la-Loire, France; died on 7 Sep 1151 in Chateau-dut-Loire, France; was buried in Cathedral of St. Julian of Le Mans, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France. [Group Sheet]

1. Henry II 'Curtmantle' PLANTAGENET, King of England was born on 25 Mar 1133 in Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France; died on 6 Jul 1189 in Chinon Castle, Chinon, Indre-Et-Loire, France; was buried on 8 Jul 1189 in Fontevruad Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Maine-et-Loire, Anjou, France.
2. Geoffrey VI D'ANJOU was born on 1 Jun 1134; died on 26 Jul 1158 in Nantes, Brittany, France.
3. William Plantagenet OF ENGLAND was born in 1136; died on 30 Jan 1164 in Rouen, Normandy, France.

Notes:

In addition to these legitimate births, Henry is reported to have had nineteen or twenty illegitimate children, the highest number of spurious offspring for a King of England to have acknowledged. The best known of them all is Robert the Consul, Earl of Gloucester, father of Maud, wife of Ranulph de Meschines, 2nd Earl of Chester. Another was Reginald, a natural son from a relationship between Henry I. of England and his mistress, Elizabeth Beaumont, daughter of Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulent and Earl of Leicester, (son of Roger de Beaumont and his wife, Adelina, Countess of Meulent) and his wife Elizabeth Vermandois, younger daughter of Hugh Magnus, the Great, of France, Count of Vermandois. Reginald, married Beatrix, daughter of William Fitz Richard, a potent lord in Cornwall. They had a daughter, Matilda, who married Robert, Count of Meulent, son of Waleran II., Count of Meulent, who married Agnes de Montfort. Waleran II. was a son of the aforementioned Robert Beaumont, and his wife, Elizabeth Vermandois. Robert and Matilda had two children: Waleran III. and Mabel de Beaumont, who married William de Vernon, Earl of Devon, who had three children: Baldwin, Mary Vernon and Joan.

Henry married Matilda OF SCOTLAND on 11 Nov 1100 in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England. Matilda (daughter of Malcolm III of Dunkeld KING OF SCOTLAND and St. Margaret OF WESSEX) was born on 1 Jun 1079 in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland; died on 1 May 1118 in Westminster Palace, London, Greater London, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Margaret (Matilda) of Scotland, born in 1079 and died in 1118, married Henry I. Beauclerc, King of England, son of William I The Conqueror (ruler from 1066 to 1087) and his wife, Matilda of Flanders, who died in 1083. See this lineage in the Early French Ancestors in Volume I. Matilda was educated at Wilton and Romsey Abbey where she said that her aunt, Christina, forced her to wear a black veil. She threw it on the ground whenever left alone, in spite of beatings. When her mother died she came to England to Edgar Atheling, her uncle. She was a sister of King David of Scotland; she was a correspondent of Anselm and Hildebert, Bishop of Le Mans, who wrote poetry about her. She was a symbol of the union of Saxon and Norman. She was Henry's Queen for seventeen years and six months, and died in her prime like most of her family.

William married Matilda OF FLANDERS in 1049 in Normandy, France. Matilda (daughter of Count Baldwin V 'the Pious' de I'Isle OF FLANDERS and Countess Adela of Flanders OF FRANCE) was born about 1032 in Flanders, France; died on 2 Nov 1083 in Caen, Normandy, France; was buried in Holy Trinity Abbey, Caen, Normandy, France. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Matilda of Flanders (c. 1031

Notes:

Malcolm III, grandson of Malcolm II., King of Scotland, called Canmore (Caen Mor, or great head) because of the large size of his head, was born in 1024, before his father was called to the throne, and he became king at the time of his victory over Macbeth in 1039, remaining so until his death in 1093. He was buried at Icelmkill. He married about 1059 (1) Ingibiorg, and about 1069 (2) Margaret (St. Margaret), daughter of Edward the Exile (Etheling). Margaret died in Edinburgh Castle of grief at the death of her husband, November 16, 1093, and was buried at Dumfermline. In 1250 Margaret was declared a saint and on June 19, 1259 her body was taken from the original stone coffin and placed in a shrine of pinewood set with gold and precious stones near the high altar. In Scotland the grace cup is called St. Margaret's blessing. When Scotland became Protestant the remains of St. Margaret and her husband, Malcolm III., were carried to Spain and placed in the Escorial, built in her honor by King Philip II, of Spain. There was issue by the first marriage with Ingibiorg.

Malcolm married St. Margaret OF WESSEX in 1068 in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland. Margaret (daughter of Edward "the Atheling" OF ENGLAND and Agafia OF HUNGARY) was born about 1045 in Hungary; died on 16 Nov 1093 in Edinburg Castle, Edinburg, Scotland; was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, Scotland. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Margaret, The Saint (St. Margaret of Scotland), sole heiress of the Saxon royal line, married Malcolm III Canmore, King of Scotland, descended from a long line of Scottish royalty. See the Scottish lineage elsewhere in Volume I. She died in 1093.

Robert married Herleva OF FALAISE. Herleva was born in 1010; and died. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

mistress

Notes:

Baldwin V of Flanders (died September 1, 1067) was Count of Flanders from 1036 until his death. He was the son of Baldwin IV of Flanders, who died in 1035. He, in turn, was a descendant of

Baldwin married Countess Adela of Flanders OF FRANCE in 1028. Adela (daughter of Robert II 'the Pious' KING OF FRANCE and Constance de Arles DE TOULOUSE) was born in 1009; died in 1063. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Adela Capet, Ad

Notes:

Duncan I. (Maldred), King of Scotland, was slain by his cousin, Macbeth, local chief of Moray in 1041. One source puts his death on August 14, 1040. He was also the King of Strathclyde. He married about 1030, a cousin (some say the sister) of Siward, Earl of Northumbria. Wurts records that he married Algitha, daughter of Uchtred, Earl of Northumberland and his wife, Elgifu, daughter of King Ethelred II.

Duncan married Alfaed SIBYLLA OF NORTHUMBRIA about 1030. Alfaed (daughter of Sigurd BIOMSSON, Danish Earl of Northumbria and Aefflaed OF BERNICIA) was born in in Scotland. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Edward the Exile (Outlaw) (Atheling) fled the country and lived at the court of Hungary until recalled by his father's half-brother, Edward the Confessor. He was never crowned king, as he died in London immediately after his return in 1057, and was buried at St. Paul's Cathedral. While on the continent, he married Agatha of Hungary, daughter of Emperor Henry II. of Germany (Bruno of Germany). Edward was the founder of the House of Burgoyne.

Edward married Agafia OF HUNGARY in Kiev. Agafia (daughter of Yaroslav I "the Wise" of Novgorod of Kiev and Ingegerd Olofsdotter of Sweden) was born about 1021 in Braunschweig, Prussia; died about 1068 in Scotland. [Group Sheet]

Richard married Judith of Britanny OF BRETAGNE in 1008. Judith (daughter of Duke Conan I 'the Crooked' OF BRITTANY and Ermengarde D'ANJOU) was born in 982; died in 1017. [Group Sheet]

Baldwin married Unknown daughter of Frederick. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Robert II (27 March 972

Robert married Constance de Arles DE TOULOUSE on 25 Aug 1002 in France. Constance (daughter of Count William III d'Arles DE PROVENCE and Adelais D'ANJOU) was born in 973 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, France; died on 25 Jul 1034 in Meulan, Yvelines, Ile-de-France, France; was buried in St. Denis Abbey, Ile-de-France, France. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Constance de Arles (also known as Constance of Provence) (986 - July 25, 1034) was the third wife and queen of King Robert II of France. She was the daughter of William I, count of Provence and great-grandson of Charles-Constantine; and Adelais of Anjou, daughter of Fulk II of Anjou. She was the sister of Count William II of Provence. In 1003, she was married to King Robert, after his divorce from his second wife, Bertha of Burgundy. The marriage was stormy; Bertha's family opposed her, and Constance was despised for importing her Proven

Crinan married Princess Berthoc OF SCOTLAND, Heiress of Scone. Berthoc (daughter of Malcolm II KING OF SCOTLAND and Sigurd OF SCOTLAND) was born about 984 in Atholl, Perth, Perthshire, Scotland; and died. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Beatrice was the eldest daughter of Malcolm II, married Crinan the Thane, Lord of the Isles, hereditary Abbot of Dunkeld, born in 975, died in 1045. She was the aunt of Macbeth. They had a son, Duncan.

Notes:

Siward led Malcolm's army as it advanced on Scotland by land and by sea. Siward was a Northumberland-Danish warlord. The English met little resistance from the Scots in the lowlands and were confronted by Macbeth just outside Scone, the Scottish capital. The "Annals of Ulstar" maintain that 3,000 Scots were killed and 1,500 English and Danes slain. Still, it was far from a vistory and Siward had to withdraw his troops from Scotland, Malcom having to be content with lordship over Cumbria. the next year, Siward died and in 1057 Malcom alone had to lead the battle against Macbeth.

Sigurd married Aefflaed OF BERNICIA. Aefflaed (daughter of Ealdred OF BERNICIA) was born about 997 in Bernicia, Northumbria, England; and died. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Edmund II., Ironsides, was born in 989 and succeeded his father in April 1016. In this year he fought six battles, but through treachery he was completely overthrown at Assandun, in Essex. He and Canute the Dane agreed to divide the kingdom. He was chosen king of England by the Londoners on his father's death, April, 1016, while Canute was elected at Southampton by the Witan. Edmund hastily levied an army in the west, defeated Canute twice, raised the siege of London, and again routed the Danes. Levying a fresh army, he defeated them at Otford, his last victory. At Ashingdon in Essex, after a desperate fight, he was routed. By compromise with Canute, the latter retained Mercia and Northumbria, Edmund all the south and the headship, the survivor to succeed to the whole. A few weeks later Edmund died, in 1016, and Canute became King of England without a rival. It is said that the traitorous Edric Streona perhaps murdered Edmund on November 30, 1016, shortly after peace was made. Edmund II. married Ealgyth (Algitha), widow of Sigefrith the Dane. She died in 1014.

Edmund married Ealdgyth OF ENGLAND in 1015 in Malmsbury, Wiltshire, England. Ealdgyth (daughter of Mocar HIGH REVE OF WESSEX and Edgitha OF MERCIA) was born about 986 in East Anglia, Wessex, England; and died. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Birth:
View Wikipedia Article

Yaroslav married Ingegerd Olofsdotter of Sweden in 1019. Ingegerd was born in 1001 in Sigtuna, Sweden; died on 10 Feb 1050. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Richard married Gunnor DE CREPON. Gunnor (daughter of Herfastus de Crepon FORESTER D'ARCHES and Gunhilda OF DENMARK) was born in 946; and died. [Group Sheet]

Conan married Ermengarde D'ANJOU. Ermengarde (daughter of Geoffrey I 'Greymantle' DE GRISEGONELLE and Adele DE VERMANDOIS) was born in 962; and died. [Group Sheet]

Arnulph married Rosala OF LOMBARDY. Rosala (daughter of Berengar II OF ITALY and Willa OF TUSCANY) died in 1003. [Group Sheet]

Frederick married Unknown child of Mengosus. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Hugh Capet (c. 940

Hugh married Adelaide of Poitou OF AQUITAINE about 969. Adelaide (daughter of William III 'the Towhead' OF AQUITAINE and Adaela DE NORMANDY) was born in 950 in Guienne, France; died in 1006. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Adele or Adelaide of Aquitaine (or Adelaide of Poitiers) (c. 945 or 952

William married Adelais D'ANJOU. Adelais (daughter of Count Fulk II 'the Good' D'ANJOU and Gerberga d'Gatinais DU MAINE) was born about 942 in Anjou, Pays-de-la-Loire, France; died about 1026 in Arles, Bouches-du-Rhone, Provence, France. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Malcolm II., born about 980, died November 25, 1034. He succeeded to the throne in 1003, and had a troubled reign of about thirty years. He defeated Kenneth IV., at Monievaird in Strathearn, and in consequence became king. His annoyance came from the Danes who, in previous reigns, had made several attempts to effect a settlement in Scotland, but had been defeated in all of them. They had secured a firm footing in England, and the year after Malcolm's accession to the throne, they commenced the most formidable preparations, under their celebrated king, Sweyn, for a new expedition to the Scottish coasts. Malcolm finally defeated this initial invasion in 1010. There was a second attempt made to gain a foothold in Northern England, but it too was defeated. In 1014, another Danish force landed on the coast of Buchan. The Danes on this occasion were led by Sweyn's celebrated son, Canute, afterwards King of England and Denmark, and again they experienced a signal overthrow. A treaty was drawn up which stipulated that the Danes agreed to quit every part of the Scottish coasts, and this was followed by the final departure, the same year, of these invaders from Scotland. Malcolm was next engaged in war with the Northumbrians, and, having in 1018, led his army to Carham, near Werk, on the south bank of the Tweed River, he was met there by Uchtred, Earl of Northumberland, when a desperate battle took place. The victory was claimed by Uchtred, who was, soon after, assassinated, when on his way to pay his obeisance to the great Canute. He killed Kenneth III., son of Dub. He had no sons. Having succeeded as King of Alba in 1005, Malcolm II. secured Lothian by the battle of Carham about 1016 and about the same time obtained Strathclyde for his grandson, Duncan, thus forming the kingdom of Scotland.

Malcolm married Sigurd OF SCOTLAND. Sigurd was born about 985; and died. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

He was the Earl of the Midlands. He was murdered in 1049 by Sweyn, son of Earl Godwine.

Notes:

Ethelred II., the Unready was born in 968, a boy of ten when he became king in 978. He died April 23, 1016 in London, reigning for thirty-eight years from 979 to 1016. He was the last of the Boy Kings. The epitaph "The Unready" which is usually assigned to him is a misrepresentation of a word which properly means the Rede-less, the man without counsel. He was entirely without the qualities which befit a king. He married in 984 (1) Elfflaed (Elgifa) (Aelfgifu), daughter of Earl Thorad.

Ethelred married Elfflaed OF ENGLAND in 985 in Wessex, England. Elfflaed (daughter of Aethelbert GUNNARSSON and Hilda) was born about 963 in Wessex, England; died in Feb 1002 in Winchester, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet]

Mocar married Edgitha OF MERCIA. [Group Sheet]

Vladimir married Rogneda of Polotsk, (Ragnhild, Anastasia) about 980. Rogneda (daughter of Prince Ragnvald Olafsson, of Polotsk) was born in 962; died in 1002. [Group Sheet]

William married Adela "Esprota" DE SENLIS. Adela (daughter of Count Hurbert I OF SENLIS AND VERMANDOIS and Bertha OF MORVOIS) was born in 911; died in 972. [Group Sheet]

Herfastus married Gunhilda OF DENMARK. Gunhilda was born in 923; and died. [Group Sheet]

Juhel married Judith. Judith (daughter of Adalind OF THURINGIA) was born in 925; and died. [Group Sheet]

Geoffrey married Adele DE VERMANDOIS. Adele (daughter of Count Robert de Vermandois DE MEAUX and Adelaide DE BURGANDY) was born in 934 in Meaux, Seine-et-Marne, Ile-de-France, France; died on 8 Apr 976. [Group Sheet]

Baldwin married Matilda OF SAXONY. [Group Sheet]

Berengar married Willa OF TUSCANY. Willa (daughter of Boso DE TUSCANY and Willa DE BURGUNDY) was born about 921; died on 6 Aug 966. [Group Sheet]

Hugh married Hedwige OF SAXONY in 939 in Mainz Oder, Ingelheim, Rhineland, Germany. Hedwige (daughter of Henry I 'the Fowler' KING OF SAXONY and Matilda OF RINGLEHEIM) was born about 910; died on 10 May 965 in Aachen, Rhineland, Germany. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Hadwig was Hugh's 3rd wife and sister of Otto.

Notes:

William III (915

William married Adaela DE NORMANDY. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Gerloc (or Geirlaug), baptised in Rouen as Adela (or Ad

Raimond married Gersende OF GASCONY. Gersende (daughter of Count Garcia Sanchez OF GASCONY) died in 975. [Group Sheet]

Fulk married Gerberga d'Gatinais DU MAINE. Gerberga (daughter of Count Geoffrey DE GATINAIS and Ava DE AUVERGNE) was born in 915 in Gatinais, Loiret, Orleanais, France; died in 952. [Group Sheet]

Kenneth married Princess of LEINSTER. [Group Sheet]

Ulf married Estrith Svendsdatter OF DENMARK in 1018. Estrith (daughter of Sweyn I 'Forkbeard' Haraldsson KING OF DENMARK and Sigrid 'the Haughty' Storrade OF SWEDEN) was born about 967 in Denmark; died after 9 May 1032; was buried in Roskilde, Denmark. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Edgar, the Peaceful, the fourth Boy King, was born in 943 and died July 8, 975. He reigned from 959 to 975. It is recorded that Edgar, while keeping his court at Chester, was rowed down the River Dee, the oars manned by eight kings of neighboring tributary states. The story, though probably untrue, sets forth his power not only over his own immediate subjects, but over the whole island. He had a well-trained army and a strong navy and his title shows that at least he lived on good terms with his neighbors. He married (1) Aethelflaed, and (2) Elfrida (Aelfthryth) of Devon, daughter of Ordgar, Earl of Devonshire, and widow of Ethelwold.

Edgar married Elfrida OF ENGLAND in 965. Elfrida (daughter of Ordgar EALDORMAN OF DEVONSHIRE) was born about 945 in Lynford Castle, Devonshire, England; died on 17 Oct 1000 in Wherwell, Hampshire, England; was buried in Wilton Abbey, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Crowned and annointed as Queen of the Kingdom of England. Died a nun at Wherwell Abbey 17 November between 999-1001.

Notes:

Married:
married 964 or 865

Aethelbert married Hilda. [Group Sheet]

Aelfgar married Elfgifu. Elfgifu (daughter of Ethelred II 'the Unready' KING OF ENGLAND and Elgiva OF WESSEX) was born about 997; and died. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Rollo (c. 860 ? c. 932), baptised Robert, was the founder and first ruler of the Viking principality in what soon became known as Normandy. (Wiki note)

Although several have been proposed as the father of Rollo, his parentage is not confirmed as known. Traditions about his parentage and other facts vary between the annals of different cultures.

Rollo, occasionally known as Rollo the Viking, (c. 860 - c. 932) was the founder and first ruler of the Viking principality in what soon became known as Normandy. He is also in some sources known as Robert of Normandy, using his baptismal name. The name Rollo is a Frankish-Latin name probably taken from Scandinavian name Hr

Hrolf married Poppa DE BAYEUX. Poppa (daughter of Berenger DE BAYEUX and Adela DE VERMANDOIS) was born in 872; died before 938. [Group Sheet]

Hurbert married Bertha OF MORVOIS. Bertha (daughter of Robert IV 'the Strong' OF FRANCE, Count of Anjou and Adelaide de Tours OF AQUITAINE) was born in 862 in Morvois, France; died in 900. [Group Sheet]

Bernenger married DE BAYEAUX. was born in 880; and died. [Group Sheet]

Fulk married Gerberga d'Gatinais DU MAINE. Gerberga (daughter of Count Geoffrey DE GATINAIS and Ava DE AUVERGNE) was born in 915 in Gatinais, Loiret, Orleanais, France; died in 952. [Group Sheet]

Robert married Adelaide DE BURGANDY. Adelaide (daughter of Gilbert DE VERGY and Ermengarde DE BURGANDY) was born about 919 in Auxerre, Yonne, Bourgogne, France; died on 19 Aug 967. [Group Sheet]

Arnulf married Countess Adela 'Alix' DE VERMANDOIS. Adela (daughter of Count Heribert II DE VERMANDOIS and Richilda DE NEUSTRIA) was born about 895 in Vermandois, Aisne, Picardy, France; died on 10 Oct 960 in Bruges, Aquitaine, France; was buried in St. Pierre Abbey, Gand, Flandres, France. [Group Sheet]

Adalbert married Gisela OF FRIULI. Gisela (daughter of Emperor Berengar I OF FRIAUL and Bertilla OF SPOLETO) was born about 885; and died. [Group Sheet]

Boso married Willa DE BURGUNDY. Willa (daughter of Duke Rudolph OF BURGUNDY) was born in 890; died after 936. [Group Sheet]

Robert married Beatrice OF VERMANDOIS about 895. Beatrice (daughter of Count Hurbert I OF SENLIS AND VERMANDOIS and Bertha OF MORVOIS) was born in 880 in Vermandois, Aisne, Picardy, France; died after Mar 931. [Group Sheet]

Henry married Matilda OF RINGLEHEIM about 911. Matilda (daughter of Duke Dietrich 'Theudebert' OF SAXONY) was born in 892; died on 14 Mar 968. [Group Sheet]

Raimond married Guidenilde DE TOULOUSE. Guidenilde was born in 897; died in 923. [Group Sheet]

Fulk married Rosalie DE LOCHES. Rosalie (daughter of Garnier DE LOCHES and Toscanda) was born in 882 in Louches, Touraine, France; and died. [Group Sheet]

Geoffrey married Ava DE AUVERGNE. Ava was born about 893; died after 942. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Malcolm I, who died in 958, King of Scotland 943, acquired Cumbria 945 from Edmund, the Saxon king of England. On the abdication of Constantine III., Malcolm succeeded to the throne in 944. In 945, Edmund, the Saxon king of England, ceded Cumberland and part of Westmoreland to him, on condition that he would defend that northern territory, and become the ally of England. Edred, the brother and successor of Edmund, accordingly applied for, and obtained the aid of Malcolm against Anlaf, King of Northumberland, which latter country he wasted, and carried off the inhabitants with their cattle. In the time of Malcolm I., the people of the province of Moray, in the northeast of Scotland, were a mixed race, formed of Scandinavian settlers, with Scottish and Pictish Celts. Turbulent and rebellious, they were continually at war with the sovereign, and an insurrection having occurred under Cellach, maormer of Garmorgan, Malcolm marched north to reduce them to obedience. He killed Cellach, but was, some time thereafter, assassinated in 953 at Ulurn after a reign of nine years. He was succeeded by Indulph, the son of Constantine II., and Indulph had as his successor, Duff, the son of Malcolm, who ascended the throne in 961. Malcolm I.

Malcolm married Unknown Mac Donald of SCOTLAND. Unknown (daughter of Donald II OF ALBA SCOTLAND) was born about 901; and died. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Swengen ruled as King of Denmark from 991 until his death at Gainsborough, England in 1014, when he was on one of his annual raiding expeditions to that county.

Sweyn married Sigrid 'the Haughty' Storrade OF SWEDEN about 994. Sigrid (daughter of Mieszko I OF POLAND and Dubrawka) was born in 967 in Sweden; died in 1014. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Edmund I., the Magnificent. was born in 922, the twelfth of his father's fifteen children. The first of the six Boy Kings, he reigned from 939 to 946. He had to meet a general uprising of the Danes of Mercia as well as those of the North. In te suppression of this he showed himself to be a great statesman as well as a great warrior. Little is definitely known about the policy of the Scots at this time but it appears that they joined the English whenever they were afraid of the Danes, and joined the Danes whenever they were afraid of the English. Edmund made it to be the interest of the Scottish King permanently to join the English. The southern part of the kingdom of Strathclyde had for some time been under the English Kings. In 945 Edmund took the remainder, but gave it to Malcolm on condition that he should be his fellow worker by sea and land. The king of the Scots thus entered into a position of dependent alliance towards Edmund. A great step was thus taken; the dominant powers in the island were to be English and Scots, not English and Danes. Edmund thought it worth while to conciliate the Scottish Celts rather than to endeavor to conquer them. The result of Edmund's statesmanship was soon seen, but he did not live to gather its fruits. On May 26, 946 an outlaw named Lief, who had taken his seat at a banquet in his hall, slew him as Edmund was attempting to drag him out by his hair. He was succeeded by his brother Edred. He married Princess Elgiva (Aelfgifu)., known as the "Fairies Gift,." who died in 944.

Edmund married Aelfgifu 'the Fairies Gift' OF ENGLAND. Aelfgifu (daughter of Sigehelm I EALDORMAN OF KENT) was born about 924 in Wessex, England; died about 944 in Shaftesbury Abbey, Dorset, England. [Group Sheet]

Leofric married Lady Godgifu OF MERCIA in 1016 in Norfolk, England. Godgifu was born in 997; died on 10 Sep 1067. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Birth:
Lady Godiva - View Wikipedia Article

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Notes:

Ethelred II., the Unready was born in 968, a boy of ten when he became king in 978. He died April 23, 1016 in London, reigning for thirty-eight years from 979 to 1016. He was the last of the Boy Kings. The epitaph "The Unready" which is usually assigned to him is a misrepresentation of a word which properly means the Rede-less, the man without counsel. He was entirely without the qualities which befit a king. He married in 984 (1) Elfflaed (Elgifa) (Aelfgifu), daughter of Earl Thorad.

Ethelred married Elgiva OF WESSEX. Elgiva (daughter of Thored Gunnarsson OF WESSEX) was born about 968; and died. [Group Sheet]