Countess Hildegarde OF FLANDERS

Arnulph married Rosala OF LOMBARDY. Rosala (daughter of Berengar II OF ITALY and Willa OF TUSCANY) died in 1003. [Group Sheet]

Baldwin married Matilda OF SAXONY. [Group Sheet]

Berengar married Willa OF TUSCANY. Willa (daughter of Boso DE TUSCANY and Willa DE BURGUNDY) was born about 921; died on 6 Aug 966. [Group Sheet]

Arnulf married Countess Adela 'Alix' DE VERMANDOIS. Adela (daughter of Count Heribert II DE VERMANDOIS and Richilda DE NEUSTRIA) was born about 895 in Vermandois, Aisne, Picardy, France; died on 10 Oct 960 in Bruges, Aquitaine, France; was buried in St. Pierre Abbey, Gand, Flandres, France. [Group Sheet]

Adalbert married Gisela OF FRIULI. Gisela (daughter of Emperor Berengar I OF FRIAUL and Bertilla OF SPOLETO) was born about 885; and died. [Group Sheet]

Boso married Willa DE BURGUNDY. Willa (daughter of Duke Rudolph OF BURGUNDY) was born in 890; died after 936. [Group Sheet]

Baldwin married Elfrida OF ENGLAND. Elfrida (daughter of Alfred 'the Great' KING OF WESSEX and Lady Ealhswith OF MERCIA) was born about 873 in Wessex, England; died on 7 Jun 929 in Flanders, France. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Ethelfleda married the regent of Mercia, Ethelred, (Ealdorman of the Mercians). This marriage set the final seal upon the cooperation of the South and Midlands. He died in 911, and his widow succeeded him as ruler of Mercia. She was known as "the Lady of the Mercians." She aided his brother Edward I., the Elder, in conquering the Danelaw and its Five Boroughs. In 918, the Danish resistance in East Anglia collapsed, and all the Danish leaders submitted to Edward as their protector and lord. They were granted in return their estates and the right to live according to their Danish customs. At the same time "the Lady of the Mercians" conquered Leicester, and received even from York offers of submission. In this hour of success Ethelfleda died, and Edward was invited by the nobles of Mercia to occupy the vacant throne.

Heribert married Richilda DE NEUSTRIA. Richilda (daughter of Robert I KING OF FRANCE and Beatrice OF VERMANDOIS, daughter of Robert IV 'the Strong' OF FRANCE, Count of Anjou and Adelaide de Tours OF AQUITAINE) was born about 880 in Paris, Seine, Ile-de-France, France; died after Mar 931. [Group Sheet]

Anscar married Giselle. [Group Sheet]

Berengar married Bertilla OF SPOLETO. Bertilla (daughter of Duke of Spoleto Count of Camerino SUPPO II, Duke of Spoleto Count of Camerino and BERTA) was born about 850; died in Dec 915. [Group Sheet]

Adalbert married Bertha OF LORRAINE. Bertha (daughter of Duke Lothair II OF LOTHARINGIA and Valrade) was born about 863; died on 8 Mar 925. [Group Sheet]

Baldwin married Princess Judith Martel OF FRANCE in Auxerre, Yonne, Bourgogne, France. Judith (daughter of Charles II "the Bald" OF FRANCE and Countess Ermentrude OF ORLEANS) was born about Oct 844; died after 870. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Alfred the Great, son of Ethelwulf, succeeded his brother, Ethelred I., reigning from 871 to 900. Alfred began as second-in-command to his eldest brother, King Ethelred I. There were no jealousies between them, but a marked difference of temperament. Ethelred inclined toward a religious viewpoint that faith and prayer were the prime agencies by which the heathen would be overcome. Alfred, though also devout, laid the emphasis upon policy and arms. He was born in 849 and died in 900. At twenty-four he became King. He married Lady Alswitha (Ealhswith), daughter of Ethelan, the Earl of Mercia, lineally descended from Crioda, 1st Earl of Mercia, who died in 594. She died in 904. Alfred was regarded as one of the noblest monarchs in British history. No name in English history is so justly popular as his. That he taught his people to defend themselves and defeat their enemies, is the least of the many claims to our grateful admiration; he did much more than this; he launched his people upon a great advance in civilization, and showed a horde of untaught countrymen that there were other and worthier pursuits than war or the pleasure of the table. "He was indeed one of those highly gifted men that would seem to be especially raised up by Providence to protect and advance his people." (Wurts, Vol I, p. 171). Alfred was born at Wantage, in Berkshire, in the year 849, ascended the throne in 871 at the age of 23, and reigned for thirty years. Young Alfred, according to the historian Asser, Bishop of Sherborne, was a comely person and of a sweeter disposition than his older brothers and consequently became the favorite of both his parents and was sent by them to Rome, while still a child in order that he might be anointed king by the Pope. But though Ethelwulf showed this especial instance of regard for his son, he altogether neglected his education, and the young prince in his twelfth year had not learned to read or write. But if he could not read for himself, he nevertheless loved to listen to the rude but inspiring strains of Saxon poetry when recited by others, and had he not been a king and statesman, he might easily have been a poet. In 871, Alfred succeeded as king, at a period when the whole country was suffering under the ravages of the Danes, and the general misery was yet further increased by a raging pestilence, along with the general dissentions of the people. Alfred now for the first time took the field against these ruthless invaders with such skill and courage, that he was able to maintain the struggles till a truce was concluded between the combatants. Neither was this the worst of the evils that beset the Saxon prince. Any compact he might make with one party, had no influence whatever upon others of their countrymen, who had different leaders and different interests. No sooner had he made terms with one horde of pirates than England was invaded by a new force of them under Rollo; and when he had compelled these to abandon Wessex, he was attacked by fresh bands of Danes settled in other parts of England. So long, however, as they ventured to meet him on the open field, his skill secured him the victory; till, taught by repeated defeats, they had recourse to other tactics. That is, suddenly to land and ravage a apart of the country, and when a force opposed them, they retired to their ships, and passed to some other part, which in a like manner they ravaged, and then retired as before, until the country, completely harassed, pillaged and wasted by their incursions, was no longer able to resist them. Then they ventured safely to enter and to establish themselves. Therefore, Alfred, finding a navy necessary, built England's first fleet. After much fighting over the years he at last routed the Danes at Ethendune (Edington) in 878 with so much slaughter that they were glad to obtain peace on such terms as he chose to dictate. As merciful as he was good and brave, he then, instead of killing them, proposed peace on condition that they should altogether depart from the western part of England and that Guthrun, their leader, should become a Christian, in remembrance of the religion which taught Alfred, the conqueror, to forgive the enemy who had so injured him. Thereupon Guthrun embraced Christianity and became to adopted son of god-child of Alfred. Encouraging the arts and sciences, he founded Oxford University. He made London the capital of England, fortified it in 886, and carried on a defensive war with the Danes from 894 until they withdrew in 897. He organized judicial and educational reforms, compiled a code of laws, rebuilt the schools and invited learned monks from the continent and from Wales to his court to teach the young men there. He was himself a man of much learning; he translated from Latin into Anglo-Saxon parts of the ecclesiastical writings of Bede and others. He was the author of the famous Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the first history written in any modern language. He died October 28, 901, aged 52.

Died:
also given as died in 901

Alfred married Lady Ealhswith OF MERCIA about 869 in Winchester, Hampshire, England. Ealhswith (daughter of Ethelred Mucill EALDORMAN OF THE GAINAI and Eadburga FADBURN) was born about 852 in Mercia, England; died on 5 Dec 904 in St. Mary's Abbey, Winchester, Dorset, England. [Group Sheet]

Hurbert married Bertha OF MORVOIS. Bertha (daughter of Robert IV 'the Strong' OF FRANCE, Count of Anjou and Adelaide de Tours OF AQUITAINE) was born in 862 in Morvois, France; died in 900. [Group Sheet]

Robert married Beatrice OF VERMANDOIS about 895. Beatrice (daughter of Count Hurbert I OF SENLIS AND VERMANDOIS and Bertha OF MORVOIS) was born in 880 in Vermandois, Aisne, Picardy, France; died after Mar 931. [Group Sheet]

Eberhard married Gisela OF AQUITAINE FRANCE. Gisela (daughter of Emperor Louis I "the Pious" OF FRANCE and Ermentrude DE HESBAYE) was born in 820; and died. [Group Sheet]

Duke married BERTA. was born about 835; and died. [Group Sheet]

Adalbert married Rothieda DE SPOLETO. [Group Sheet]

Lothair married Valrade. Valrade was born before 850; died after 9 Apr 868. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

mistress during Lothair II's marriage to Teutberga, later his wife

Conrad married Waldrade VAUDRIE. Waldrade was born about 827; died on 9 Apr 868. [Group Sheet]

Charles married Countess Ermentrude OF ORLEANS. Ermentrude (daughter of Count Odo DE ORLEANS and Engeltrude OF PARIS) was born on 27 Sep 830; died on 6 Oct 869. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Ethelwulf(Aethelwulf), "Noble Wolf," son of Egbert, reigned from 839 to 857 in Wessex, England. During his reign the Danes miserably spoiled England, daring to winter there for the first time. In 851 Ethelwulf routed them at Okely in Surrey. By the advise of St. Swithin, Bishop of Winchester, he granted to the church the tithe of all his dominions. He died January 13, 858. He married (1) Lady Osburga (Osburh) (Osberga), daughter of Earl Oslac, the royal cup-bearer. From this first marriage they had a son.

Ethelwulf married Osburga Oslad OF WESSEX. Osburga (daughter of Oslac 'the Thane' OF ISLE OF WIGHT) was born about 810 in Wessex, England; died after 876. [Group Sheet]

Ethelred married Eadburga FADBURN. Eadburga (daughter of Wigmund and Elflega) was born about 825 in Mercia, England; and died. [Group Sheet]

Pepin married Rothaide DE BOBBIO. Rothaide (daughter of Walla DE BOBBIO and Rotlinde DE GELLIONE) was born about 820 in France; died in 858. [Group Sheet]

Robert married Adelaide de Tours OF AQUITAINE. Adelaide (daughter of Count Hugo OF TOURS) was born about 819 in Indre-et-Loire, Touraine Centre, France; died on 15 Sep 866. [Group Sheet]

Hurbert married Bertha OF MORVOIS. Bertha (daughter of Robert IV 'the Strong' OF FRANCE, Count of Anjou and Adelaide de Tours OF AQUITAINE) was born in 862 in Morvois, France; died in 900. [Group Sheet]

Hunrochli married Engeltrude DE PARIS. Engeltrude (daughter of Begue DE PARIS and Aupais OF FRANCE) was born about 790; and died. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Louis I was born a twin of Lothair, who died on 8 Feb 779. Louis was crowned King of Quitaine in 781 and remained so until the death of his father in 814, when he became King of France. Following the birth of an illegitimate daughter (Alpais or Elpheid), he married twice and had four sons and two daughters.

Soource:
1. Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendant's.
2. Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists Who Came to New England Between 1623 and 1690, 6th Edition,
Weiss.
3. The Platagenet Ancestry, Moriarty, p. 5.
4. The Platagenet Ancestry, Turton, p. 171.

Louis married Ermentrude DE HESBAYE about 798 in France. Ermentrude was born about 778 in Hesbaye, Leige, Belgium; died on 3 Oct 813 in Angers, Maine-Et-Loire, France. [Group Sheet]

Lothair married Ermengarde DE HESBAYE. Ermengarde (daughter of Ingerman, Count of HESBAYE) was born about 800 in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, France; died on 20 Mar 851 in Abbaye D'Erstein, Strasborg, Alsace-Lorraine, France. [Group Sheet]

Conrad married Adelaide of Tours OF FRANCE. Adelaide (daughter of Emperor Louis I "the Pious" OF FRANCE and Ermentrude DE HESBAYE) was born about 814 in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, France; died about 866. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Louis I was born a twin of Lothair, who died on 8 Feb 779. Louis was crowned King of Quitaine in 781 and remained so until the death of his father in 814, when he became King of France. Following the birth of an illegitimate daughter (Alpais or Elpheid), he married twice and had four sons and two daughters.

Soource:
1. Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendant's.
2. Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists Who Came to New England Between 1623 and 1690, 6th Edition,
Weiss.
3. The Platagenet Ancestry, Moriarty, p. 5.
4. The Platagenet Ancestry, Turton, p. 171.

Louis married Judith OF BAVARIA in Feb 818/19. Judith was born about 805 in Altdorf, Bavaria; and died. [Group Sheet]

Odo married Engeltrude OF PARIS. Engeltrude (daughter of Leutaud OF PARIS) was born after 805; died on 1 Oct 869. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Egbert, is regarded as the first King of England. He reigned from 802 to 829 (839?). He was born about 775 and fled from his cousin Brethrick, taking refuse in the court of Charlemagne, where he stayed for about twelve years, serving as one of his captains. On the death of Brethrick, who was poisoned by his wife, Egbert returned to England. In 802 at Winchester he was crowned King of the West Saxons. He subdued West Wales, or Cornwall, defeated the King of Mercia at Ellandune, annexed Kent and in 829 he became overlord of all the English kings and gave the name of England to the whole realm. There are still in existence some coins struck by Egbert, though these are now extremely rare. In 835 Egbert defeated a formidable army of Danes at Hingston Down in Cornwall, when they attempted to invade England. He died in 839, and was buried at Westminster. He married Lady Readberga (Redburga). He was succeeded by his son, Ethelwulf.

Egbert married Redburga OF WESSEX. [Group Sheet]

Wigmund married Elflega. Elflega (daughter of Coelwulf) was born about 792; and died. [Group Sheet]

Bernard married Cunigunda de Laon DE PARMA. Cunigunda (daughter of Guibour OF HORNBACH) was born in 797; and died. [Group Sheet]

Walla married Rotlinde DE GELLIONE. Rotlinde (daughter of William DE GELLIONE and Gilbour OF HORNBACH) was born about 785; died after 820. [Group Sheet]

Rupert married Wiltrud D'ORLEANS in 808. Wiltrud (daughter of William DE TOULOUSE and Guibour OF HORNBACH) was born in 793; and died. [Group Sheet]

Pepin married Rothaide DE BOBBIO. Rothaide (daughter of Walla DE BOBBIO and Rotlinde DE GELLIONE) was born about 820 in France; died in 858. [Group Sheet]

Robert married Adelaide de Tours OF AQUITAINE. Adelaide (daughter of Count Hugo OF TOURS) was born about 819 in Indre-et-Loire, Touraine Centre, France; died on 15 Sep 866. [Group Sheet]

Begue married Aupais OF FRANCE. Aupais (daughter of Emperor Louis I "the Pious" OF FRANCE and Ermentrude DE HESBAYE) was born about 794 in France; died after 852. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Charlemagne, in Latin is Carlous Magnus (Charles the Great), King of the Franks (768-814), and Emperor of the Romans (800-814), who led his Frankish armies to victory over numerous other people and established his rule in most of western and central Europe. He was the best-known and most influential king in Europe in the Middle Ages.

Charlemagne, Charles the Great. With the consent of the great nobles, Charlemagne, Charles the Great, became King of France and Holy Roman Emperor of the West from 771 to 814, following the death of his brother. He was born April 2, 742, probably at Aix-La-Chapelle. When only twelve years old we find him commissioned to receive and welcome the pontiff who came to implore his father's aid against the barbarians that threatened Rome. He probably accompanied his father in his campaigns at an early age, but the first time that we really see him in the field, is on the renewal of the war with the rebellious Duke of Aquitaine.

Upon the death of Pepin, in 768, Charlemagne and his younger brother Carloman succeeded to equal portions of one of the most powerful of European kingdoms, bounded by the Pyrenees, the Alps, Mediterranean, and the ocean. But this would hardly enabled the monarchs, even had they been united, to resist successfully the incursions of the barbarous tribes on the German frontiers of France, which had commenced with the first establishment of the Frankish dominion in Gaul; and which were kept alive by the constant pouring forth of fresh hordes from the overpopulated north. The situation of Charlemagne was rendered yet more perilous by the massive enmity of his brother, and the rebellion of Hunald, the turbulent Duke of Aquitaine. But fortunately Charlemagne had a genius equal to the difficulties of his situation; though his brother refused to aid him, he defeated Huald; and no less illustrious by his clemency than by his valor and military skill, he forgave the vanquished rebel.

Desiderius, the King of Lombardy, had made large encroachments upon the states of the Roman Pontiff, whose cause was taken up by Charlemagne. This led to feuds, which Bertha, his mother, endeavored to appease by arranging a marriage between her son and the daughter of the Lombard. But Charlemagne soon took a disgust to the wife thus imposed upon him, and repudiated her, that he might marry Hildegarde, the daughter of a noble family in Swabia. Thus he married Hildegarde of Swabia (Linzgau), Countess, born in 757/758, died April 30, 782/3.

In 771 Carloman died, and Charlemagne was elected to the vacant throne, to the exclusion of his nephews, whose extreme youth made then incapable of wearing the crown in such troubled times. Gilberge, the widow of Carloman, immediately fled, and sought refuse with Desiderius, the common retreat for all who were hostile to the Frankish monarch.

From that time, sole ruler during a reign of forty-three years, he waged incessant wars on all his borders, subduing rebellions, extending his domains and at the same time advancing Christianity. In 772 he began a thirty-year war with the determined Saxons, after the successful opening of Charlemagne was called to the assistance of Pope Hadrian I. against Desiderius, King of the Lombards. Charlemagne marched two armies over the Alps and conquered Lombardy in 774; returned and beat the Saxons again and hastened into Spain, in 778, to help the Arabian rulers of that country against the Osman Caliph of Cordova. It was in this war that Roland, the hero of romance, fell in the pass of Roncesvalles.

In 799 the Romans revolted against Pope Leo III., and were again brought into subjection by Charlemagne. In return, while he was praying on the steps of St. Peter's Church, he was crowned by Leo with the iron crown of the Western Empire, successor of the Roman Caesars, unexpectedly to him, as he pretended, on Christmas Day, 800, amidst the popular acclamations, "Long life and victory to Charles Augustus, crowned by God, great and pacific Emperor of the Romans!"

The extensive domain of Charlemagne was rendered secure only by ceaseless vigilance and warfare. The short intervals of peace which ere allowed him, he employed in endeavoring to educate and civilize his people. He made a tour through his dominions, causing local and general improvement, reforming laws, advancing knowledge, and building churches and monasteries. Christianity being one of the chief means to which he trusted for the attainment of his grand objects. In this he was no less successful than he had before been in war. With exception of the Eastern empire, France was now the most cultivated nation in Europe, even Rome herself sending thither for skillful workmen, while commerce, roads, and mechanics must have been much advanced, as we may infer from the facility with which marble columns and immense stone crosses were often carried through the whole extent of France upon carriages of native construction. Luxury, too, with its attendant arts had made considerable strides. Vases of gold and silver richly carved, silver tables highly wrought, bracelets, rings, and table cloths of fine linen, might be seen in the houses of the nobles. The people must have been dexterous in working iron, for their superiority in this respect is shown by the severe laws forbidding the exportation of arms.

Charlemagne drove back the Arabs, reduced the Huns, and effectually protected his long line of coast from the attempted invasion of the Northmen. It is said, that upon one occasion he arrived at a certain port just as the pirates were preparing to land; but the moment they learned of the presence of the monarch, they immediately fled in great terror at the mere mention of his name.

It was always an object of first importance with Charlemagne to support the papal authority, as holding out the only means of spreading Christianity, which he justly considered the most effectual instrument he could employ to enlighten and civilize the world.

Charlemagne securely laid the foundations of his empire. He was vigilant, judicious, and energetic, both as a ruler and commander. He fostered agriculture, trade, arts, and letters with untiring zeal, clearing forests, draining swamps, founding monasteries and schools, building cities, constructing splendid palaces, as at Aix, Worms, and Ingelheim, and drawing to his court scholars and poets from all nations, being himself proficient in science, as well as all hardy accomplishments.

Charlemagne was tall and a commanding presence, and could speak and write Latin as well as his native German. He fostered all learning and the fine arts, studying rhetoric and astronomy. He reigned over France, half of Germany, and four-fifths of Italy. The Caliph Haroun-al-Rashid sent an embassy to the court of Charlemagne with gifts in token of good will. Attacked with pleurisy he died after a short illness, in the seventy-second year of age, and the forty-seventh of his reign, on January 28, 814. Some years later Charlemagne was canonized by the church.

Charles married Princess Hildegarde OF SAVOY in 771 in Aachen, Rhineland, Germany. Hildegarde (daughter of Duke Gerold I COUNT DE VINGOU and Emma 'Mother of Kings' OF ALLEMAINIA) was born in 758 in Aachen, Rhineland, Germany; died on 30 Apr 783. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Wife #1 - Hildegard of Savoy. She was 13 when she married Charlemagne, died at age 26 after having 9 children.

Notes:

Louis I was born a twin of Lothair, who died on 8 Feb 779. Louis was crowned King of Quitaine in 781 and remained so until the death of his father in 814, when he became King of France. Following the birth of an illegitimate daughter (Alpais or Elpheid), he married twice and had four sons and two daughters.

Soource:
1. Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendant's.
2. Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists Who Came to New England Between 1623 and 1690, 6th Edition,
Weiss.
3. The Platagenet Ancestry, Moriarty, p. 5.
4. The Platagenet Ancestry, Turton, p. 171.

Louis married Ermentrude DE HESBAYE about 798 in France. Ermentrude was born about 778 in Hesbaye, Leige, Belgium; died on 3 Oct 813 in Angers, Maine-Et-Loire, France. [Group Sheet]