- 1424
Generation: 1
Generation: 2
Generation: 3
Generation: 4
10. | Humphrey VII de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford was born in 1276 (son of Humphrey VI de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford and Maude de Fiennes); died on 16 Mar 1321/22. Notes:
Humphrey de Bohun VIII was born circa 1276. He was the 4th Earl of Hereford and the 3rd Earl of Essex. He was also the Lord High Constable of England. He married November 14, 1302, at Westminster, Princess Elizabeth Plantaganet, widow of John, Count of Holland and Zealand, and daughter of King Edward I. of England and Eleanor of Castile, daughter of King Ferdinand III. of Leon and Castile in Spain. In the 30th year of King Edward I., he gave and granted unto the king, by formal conversance, the inheritance of all his lands and lordships, as also of his earldoms of Hereford and Essex, and the constableship of England, which, upon his marriage with Elizabeth Plantaganet, widow of John, Earl of Holland, and daughter of the king, were regranted to him, and entailed upon his issue lawfully begotten by that lady; in default thereof, and from and after the death of himself and his wife, then the lordship Plassets, and certain other lordships in Essex, and elsewhere. together with the constableship, should remain wholly to the king and his heirs for ever. In the 34th year of the same reign he had a grant similarly entailed of the whole territory of Annadale, in Scotland. After this he was in the wars of Scotland and was taken prisoner, in the 7th year of King Edward II. (1313-1314), at the disastrous battle (to the English) of Stryvelin. But he was exchanged for the wife of Robert Bruce, who had long been captive in England. From this period we find him constantly engaged in the service of the crown, until the 14th year of the king's reign, when Edward learning that the earl was raising forces in the marches of Wales, against Hugh Despencer the Younger, sent him a peremptory command to forbear, which he not only refused obeying, but forthwith joined Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, in the great insurrection then incited by that nobleman, for the redress of certain grievances, and the banishment of the Spencers. In this proceeding, however, he eventually lost his life, being run through the body by a soldier at the battle of Boroughbridge, in Yorkshire, where his party received so signal a defeat on March 16, 1321. He joined the barons in opposition to Edward's favorites, Piers de Gaveston and the Despencers. He assisted in the execution of Piers de Gaveston in 1312, for which he was pardoned in 1313. He fought at Bannockburn and was taken prisoner at Bethwell on June 24, 1314, where he had retreated, having been betrayed by the Governor, Sir Walter Gilbertson. He was then exchanged for Elizabeth, wife of Robert Bruce, King of Scotland, who had been a prisoner for some time. On February 11, 1315 or 1316 he was appointed captain of all the forces against Llewellyn Bran in the land of Glamorgan. Summoned to attend the Council at Gloucester, he sent word that he would not do so while Hugh Despencer, the younger, was in the king's comtive. He was then ordered to attend at Oxford, and preparing to attack the said Despencer was ordered on May 1, 1321, to abstain, but during May and June the lands of Despencer were ravaged. In accordance with an agreement in parliament, he received a pardon August 20, 1321. Bohun was killed at Boroughbridge on March 16, 1321 or 1322 when endeavoring to force the bridge. He was buried in the church of the Friars Preachers at York.
Humphrey married Princess Elizabeth PLANTAGENET, of Rhuddlan. Elizabeth (daughter of Edward I PLANTAGANET, 'Longshanks' King of England and Eleanor OF CASTILE) was born on 7 Aug 1282 in Rhuddlan Castle, Denbigshire, Wales, England; died on 5 May 1316 in Quendon, Essex, England; was buried in Walden Abbey, Saffron Walden, Uttlesford, Essex, England. [Group Sheet]
|
11. | Princess Elizabeth PLANTAGENET, of Rhuddlan was born on 7 Aug 1282 in Rhuddlan Castle, Denbigshire, Wales, England (daughter of Edward I PLANTAGANET, 'Longshanks' King of England and Eleanor OF CASTILE); died on 5 May 1316 in Quendon, Essex, England; was buried in Walden Abbey, Saffron Walden, Uttlesford, Essex, England. Notes:
Birth:
View Wikipedia Article
Children:
- John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford & Essex died in 1335.
- Humphrey VIII de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford was born in 1309; died in 1361.
- Edward de Bohun
- Alianore de Bohun
- 5. Countess Margaret de Bohun, of Devon was born on 3 Apr 1311; died on 16 Dec 1391.
- William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton was born in 1312 in Northamptonshire, England; died on 16 Sep 1360 in London, Greater London, England; was buried in Walden Abbey, Saffron Walden, Uttlesford, Essex, England.
|
|
13. | ElizabethChildren:
- 6. John Dawnay was born about 1302 in Ingoldsby, Lincolnshire, England; died in 1347.
|
|
Generation: 5
16. | Hugh de Courtenay was born on 25 Mar 1250 in Okehampton, Devonshire, England (son of John de Courtenay and Isabel de Vere); died on 03 Mar 1291 in Cullicomb, Devonshire, England. Hugh married Eleanor de Spencer. Eleanor (daughter of Sir Knight Hugh le de Spencer and Iline Bassett, Countess of Norfolk) was born in 1252 in Ryhall, Rutland, Rutland, England; died on 30 Sep 1328 in London, Greater London, England. [Group Sheet]
|
20. | Humphrey VI de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford was born in 1249 (son of Humphrey V de Bohun and Eleanor de Braose); died on 31 Dec 1298. Notes:
Humphrey de Bohun VII. was born circa 1249. He succeeded his grandfather as the 3rd Earl of Hereford and the 2nd Earl of Essex and Lord High Constable. He is said to have inherited the high and daring spirit of his predecessors, often strenuously opposed to the measures of the court, and was often therefore in disgrace, but he appears at the close of his career to have regained royal favor, for we find him attending the king into Scotland in 1298 when that monarch (Edward I.) obtained a great victory near Roxburgh. He married Maud Fiennes, daughter of Ingelram (Enguerrand) de Fiennes, Seigneur de Fiennes in Guisnes, by _______, daughter of Jacques, Seigneur de Conte, Bailleul, and Moriammez in Hainault, and granddaughter of William de Fiennes, by Agnes de Dammartin, daughter of Alberic, Count of Dammartin. Simon de Dammartin, Count of Aumale, by his wife Marie, Countess of Ponthieu and Aumale, was father of Jeanne, Countess of Ponthieu and Aumale, who married King Ferdinand III. of Castile. Maud died before her husband and was buried at Walden. He was associated with Roger Bigod, Earl of Norfolk, and other barons in their opposition to what was considered to be unfair taxation by King Edward I. He died in Pleshey (Boroughbridge), in 1297, and was succeeded by his son, Humphrey.
Humphrey married Maude de Fiennes. Maude (daughter of Ingelram (Enguerrand) DE FIENNES) was born about 1231; and died. [Group Sheet]
|
22. | Edward I PLANTAGANET, 'Longshanks' King of England was born on 17 Jun 1239 in Westminster, London, Greater London, England (son of Henry III PLANTAGANET, King of England and Eleanor OF PROVENCE); died on 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh-on-Sands, Cumberland, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England. Notes:
Birth:
Edward I - View Wikipedia Article Palace of Westminster - View Wikipedia Article
Edward married Eleanor OF CASTILE on 18 Oct 1254 in Burgos, Castile, Sparin. Eleanor (daughter of Ferdinand III KING OF CASTILE AND LEON and Johanna Countess of PONTHIEU) was born in 1241 in Castile, Spain; died on 29 Nov 1290 in Herdeby, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England. [Group Sheet]
|
23. | Eleanor OF CASTILE was born in 1241 in Castile, Spain (daughter of Ferdinand III KING OF CASTILE AND LEON and Johanna Countess of PONTHIEU); died on 29 Nov 1290 in Herdeby, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England. Notes:
Birth:
View Wikipedia Article
Children:
- Unnamed PLANTAGANET was born in 1255; died in 1255.
- Katherine PLANTAGANET was born in 1264; died in 1264.
- Joan PLANTAGENET was born in Jun 1265; died in Sep 1265; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England.
- John DE BOTETOURT was born in 1266; died on 25 Nov 1348; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England.
- John OF ENGLAND was born on 10 Jul 1266; died on 3 Aug 1271.
- Henry OF ENGLAND was born on 13 Jul 1268 in Windsor Castle, England; died on 14 Oct 1274; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England.
- Eleanor PLANTAGENET was born in 1269; died on 12 Oct 1298.
- Joan PLANTAGANET, of Acre was born in 1272 in Acre, Hazofan, Palestine; died on 23 Apr 1307 in Clare, Risbridge, Suffolk, England; was buried in Clare, Risbridge, Suffolk, England.
- Earl Alfonso of Chester OF ENGLAND was born on 24 Nov 1273 in Bayonne, France; died on 19 Aug 1284 in Windsor Castle, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England.
- Margaret OF ENGLAND was born on 11 Sep 1275 in Windsor Castle, England; died after 1318; was buried in St. Michael and St. Gudula Cathedral, Brussels, Belgium.
- Berengaria OF ENGLAND was born on 1 May 1276 in Kempton Palace, Surrey, England; died on 27 Jun 1278; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England.
- Mary OF ENGLAND was born on 11 Mar 1278 in Windsor Castle, England; died on 8 Jul 1332 in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England.
- Alice OF ENGLAND was born on 12 Mar 1279; died in 1291.
- Isabella OF ENGLAND was born on 12 Mar 1279; died in 1279.
- 11. Princess Elizabeth PLANTAGENET, of Rhuddlan was born on 7 Aug 1282 in Rhuddlan Castle, Denbigshire, Wales, England; died on 5 May 1316 in Quendon, Essex, England; was buried in Walden Abbey, Saffron Walden, Uttlesford, Essex, England.
- Edward II of Caernavon PLANTAGANET, King of England was born on 25 Apr 1284 in Caernarfon Castle, Caernarfon, Wales; died on 21 Sep 1327 in Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire, England; was buried in Gloucester Cathedral, England.
- Beatrice OF ENGLAND was born in 1286; died in 1286 in Aquitaine, France.
- Blanche OF ENGLAND was born in 1290; died in 1290.
|
|
Generation: 6
32. | John de Courtenay was born on 26 Jul 1224 in Okehampton, Devonshire, England; died on 03 May 1274. John married Isabel de Vere. Isabel was born in 1228 in Totnes, Devonshire, England; died on 11 Aug 1300. [Group Sheet]
|
33. | Isabel de Vere was born in 1228 in Totnes, Devonshire, England; died on 11 Aug 1300. Children:
- 16. Hugh de Courtenay was born on 25 Mar 1250 in Okehampton, Devonshire, England; died on 03 Mar 1291 in Cullicomb, Devonshire, England.
|
|
40. | Humphrey V de Bohun was born about 1229 (son of Humphrey IV de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford and Maude de Lusignan); died on 27 Oct 1265. Notes:
Humphrey de Bohun VI, the eldest son, was 2nd Earl of Hereford and Essex. He was a very distinguished person among the rebellious barons, in the reign of King Henry III. In 1257 he was among those who assisted his father to keep the marches between Montgomery and the lands of the Earl of Gloucester, and in 1263 was ordered to join his father at Hereford to defend the lands and fortify the castles on the marches against Llewellyn. He joined the barons against the king, and on July 23, 1264 had custody of the castle of Winchester, which he was ordered to surrender on June 3, 1265. In the 47th year of that monarch he was excommunicated, with Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, and others, for plundering various churches and committing sacrilege. He was afterwards one of the commanders at the battle of Lewes, where the king was made prisoner, and was constituted Governor of Goodrich and Winchester Castles. In the year following he commanded the infantry at the battle of Evesham, where he fell into the hands of the royalists, and was sent prisoner to Beeston Castle in Cheshire, where he soon afterwards on October 27, 1265, died during his father's lifetime, leaving a son, Humphrey, by his wife, Eleanor (Alianore) Braose, daughter and co-heir of William de Braose, of Brecknock, Lord of Abergavenny, and co-heir of her mother Eve (Eva) Marshal, one of the five daughters and co-heirs of William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke, and sister of William Marshal, Surety to the Magna Charta. He was succeeded by his son, Humphrey.
Humphrey married Eleanor de Braose. Eleanor (daughter of William V "Black Will" 6TH BARON OF BRAOSE and Eve MARSHAL) was born about 1231; and died. [Group Sheet]
|
44. | Henry III PLANTAGANET, King of England was born on 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle, Hampshire, England (son of John I "Lackland" KING OF ENGLAND and Lady Isabella Taillefer OF ANGOULEME); died on 16 Nov 1272 in Westminster Palace, London, Greater London, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England. Notes:
Birth:
Henry III - View Wikipedia Article Winchester Castle - View Wikipedia Article View Biography
Henry married Eleanor OF PROVENCE on 14 Jan 1236 in Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England. Eleanor (daughter of Ramon IV of Berenguer COUNT OF PROVENCE and Beatrice DE SAVOY) was born about 1223 in Aix-en-Provence, France; died on 24 Jun 1291 in Amesbury Abbey, Amesbury, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England; was buried in Amesbury Abbey, Amesbury, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet]
|
45. | Eleanor OF PROVENCE was born about 1223 in Aix-en-Provence, France (daughter of Ramon IV of Berenguer COUNT OF PROVENCE and Beatrice DE SAVOY); died on 24 Jun 1291 in Amesbury Abbey, Amesbury, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England; was buried in Amesbury Abbey, Amesbury, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England. Notes:
Birth:
View Wikipedia Article
Children:
- Henry PLANTAGANET
- 22. Edward I PLANTAGANET, 'Longshanks' King of England was born on 17 Jun 1239 in Westminster, London, Greater London, England; died on 7 Jul 1307 in Burgh-on-Sands, Cumberland, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England.
- Margaret PLANTAGANET was born in 1240; died in 1275.
- Beatrice PLANTAGENET was born on 25 Jun 1242; died in 1275.
- Edmund 'Crouchback' PLANTAGANET, Duke of Lancaster was born on 16 Jan 1245 in London, Greater London, England; died in 1296.
- Richard PLANTAGANET was born in 1247; died in 1256.
- John PLANTAGANET, England was born in 1250; died in 1256.
- William PLANTAGANET, England was born in 1251; died in 1256.
- Katherine PLANTAGANET, of England was born in 1253; died in 1257.
|
|
47. | Johanna Countess of PONTHIEUChildren:
- 23. Eleanor OF CASTILE was born in 1241 in Castile, Spain; died on 29 Nov 1290 in Herdeby, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England.
|
|
Generation: 7
80. | Humphrey IV de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford was born in 1204 (son of Henry II "the Surety" de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford and Maud Fitz Geoffrey); died on 24 Sep 1275 in Warwickshire, England; was buried in Llanthony Secunda Priory, Hempsted, Gloucester, Monmouthshire, England. Notes:
Humphrey de Bohun V. was born in 1208. He succeeded his father as Earl of Hereford, and possessing the honor of Essex through his mother, was created Earl of that county by King Henry III., at whose marriage he performed the office of marshal in the king's house, and in three years afterwards in the year 1239, was one of the godfathers at the font, for Edward, eldest son of the king, there being no less than nine sponsors on the occasion, five temporal and four spiritual lords. He was Lord High Constable of England. In 1250 he took up the cross and proceeded to the Holy Land. In three years afterwards, he was present, with other peers, when that formal curse was denounced in Westminster Hall, with bell, book, and candle, against the violators of the Magna Charta; in which year he founded the church of the Fryers Augustines, in Broad-street, within the city of London. In the great contest between the king and the barons, he fought for the latter at Evesham, where he was taken prisoner, but he did not long continue in bondage, for we find him soon after again in favor, and receiving new grants from the crown. He died in 1275, having married (1) Maud of Eu (or of Lusignan), daughter of Ralph (Raoul I.) of Lusignan, Count of Eu, by Yolande his wife, daughter of Robert, Count of Dreux, Earl of Ewe.
Humphrey married Maude de Lusignan. Maude (daughter of Count Ralph de Lusignan D'EU) was born about 1208; and died. [Group Sheet]
|
88. | John I "Lackland" KING OF ENGLAND was born on 24 Dec 1167 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England (son of Henry II 'Curtmantle' PLANTAGENET, King of England and Eleanor OF AQUITAINE); died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Newark, Nottinghamshire, England; was buried in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England. Notes:
Birth:
John I - View Wikipedia Article View Biography
89. | Lady Isabella Taillefer OF ANGOULEME was born in 1188 (daughter of Aymer Taillefer OF ANGOULEME and Alice de COURTENAY); died on 31 May 1246 in Fontevruad Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Maine-et-Loire, Anjou, France. Notes:
Birth:
View Wikipedia Article
Children:
- 44. Henry III PLANTAGANET, King of England was born on 1 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle, Hampshire, England; died on 16 Nov 1272 in Westminster Palace, London, Greater London, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, London, Greater London, England.
- Earl Richard OF CORNWALL was born on 5 Jan 1209; died on 2 Apr 1272 in Newark Castle, Newark, Nottinghamshire, England.
- of England JOAN, of England was born on 22 Jul 1210; died on 4 Mar 1238 in Havering-atte-Bower, Essex, England.
- Empress of Germany ISABEL, Empress of Germany was born in 1214; died on 1 Dec 1241 in Foggia, Naple, Italy.
- Eleanor PLANTAGENET was born in 1215; died on 3 Apr 1275 in Montargis Abbey, France.
|
|
Generation: 8
160. | Henry II "the Surety" de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford was born in 1176 (son of Humphrey III de Bohun and Margaret of Huntingdon, Duchess of Brittany); died on 1 Jun 1220; was buried in Lathony Abbey, Vale of Ewyas, Monmouthshire, Wales, UK. Notes:
Henry de Bohun II, the Surety, was born before 1177 (1176?). He became the 1st Earl of Hereford of this family, being so created by King John, dated April 28, 1199; but the office of Lord High Constable of England he inherited from his father. He was one of the leaders of the barons who forced King John to sign the Magna Charta, and he was one of the twenty-five sureties, in 1215. He had his lands sequestered, but they were restored at the signing of the Magna Charta, at Runnemede. He was subsequently excommunicated by the Pope, and did not return to his allegiance on the death of King John, but was one of the commanders in the army of Louis le Dauphin, at the battle of Lincoln. He was taken prisoner by William Marshal at the battle of Lincoln, in the 1st year of Henry III. After this defeat he joined Saire de Quincy, and other Magna Charta barons in a pilgrimage to the Holy Land in June, 1220. His body was brought home and buried in the chapter-house of Llanthony Abbey, in Gloucestershire. He was also Sheriff of Kent. He married Maud Fitz Geoffrey, Countess of Essex, daughter of Geoffrey Fitz Piers, 4th Earl of Essex, and his first wife, Beatrix Saye, only daughter of William de Saye, eldest son of Lord William de Saye and his wife, Beatrix Mandeville. Geoffrey FitzPiers, also Baron of Mandeville, died in 1212. Maud was eventually heiress of her brother, William de Mandeville, last Earl of Essex of that family, by whom he acquired the honor of Essex and other extensive lordships.
Henry II was the 1st Earl of Hereford of the Bohun family. Previously, Miles Fitz Walter of Gloucester was the 1st Earl of Hereford of the Fitz Walter family. He was succeeded by his son and heir, Roger,* the 2nd Earl of Hereford; however, when Roger died without an heir (and his brothers without issue), the Earldom of Hereford became extinct, although the shrievalty of Hereford and Gloucester passed to Roger's brother, Walter. Later (1199), their eldest sister, Margaret, took the bulk (Liber Niger) to the Bohuns, in recognition of their descent from Miles, earls of Hereford, and constables of England.**
* Round 1890, p.439
** et al, p.440
Henry married Maud Fitz Geoffrey. Maud (daughter of Geoffrey de Mandeville, 1st Earl of Essex and Rohesia DE VERE) was born in 1185; died in 1236. [Group Sheet]
|
166. | Sir William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke was born in 1146 in Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales, England (son of John FITZGILBERT, 'the Marshal' and Sybil DE SALISBURY); died on 14 May 1219 in London, Greater London, England; was buried in Temple Church, Temple District, City of London, Greater London, England. Notes:
William Marshal, born in 1146 and died in 1219, was of the great baronial family of Marischal, marshal to the king. See Burke, pg. 358-359. This William is first mentioned as receiving from Prince Henry, the rebellious son of Henry II., upon the prince's deathbed, his cross, as his most confidential friend, to convey to Jerusalem. He married Isabel (Eva) Clare, only child and heiress of Richard de Clare (surnamed Strongbow), Earl of Pembroke, conqueror of Ireland and Justice of Ireland. She had been under the guardianship of Henry II., who gave her in marriage in 1189. Through his wife, William acquired the Earldom of Pembroke, in which rank he bore the royal scepter of gold surmounted by the cross, at the coronation of King Richard I.; and he was soon afterwards, on the king's purposing a journey to the Holy Land, appointed one of the assistants to Hugh, Bishop of Durham, and William, Earl of Albemarle, Chief Justice of England, in the government of the realm. He was brother and male heir, of John Marshal, otherwise Mareschall. This family enjoyed the office of marshal of the King's House, and from that post assumed its surname; which gave occasion, says Banks, to their being often styled Earls Marshal, as well as Earls of Striguil and Pembroke; but such denomination was matter of curiality more then of reality. The manor of Hempsted-Marshal, in Berkshire, belonging to the Marshals, was held of old by grand serjeanty of the Kings of England, to be the knights marshal, as the offices of steward, constable, etc. were in those times granted. Upon the decease of his brother, John Mareschall, marshal of the king's house, in 1199, he became Lord Marshal; and on the day of the coronation of King John, he was invested with sword of the Earldom of Pembroke, being then confirmed in the possession of the said inheritance. In the first year of the monarch's reign, he was appointed sheriff of Gloucestershire, and likewise of Sussex, wherein he was continued for several years. In the 5th year he had a grant of Goderich Castle, in the co. Hereford, to hold by the service of two knight's fees; and in four years afterwards, he obtained, by grant from the crown, the whole province of Leinster, in Ireland, to hold by the service of one hundred knight's fees. Upon the breaking out of the baronial insurrection, the Earl of Pembroke was deputed, with the Archbishop of Canterbury, by the king, to ascertain the grievances and demands of those turbulent lords; and at the demise of King John, he was so powerful as to prevail upon the barons to appoint a day for the coronation of Henry III., to whom he was constituted guardian, by the rest of the nobility, who had remained firm in their allegiance. He subsequently took up arms in the royal cause, and after achieving a victory over the barons at Lincoln, proceeded directly to London, and investing that great city, both by land and water, reduced it to extremity, for want of provisions. Peace, however, being soon after concluded, it was relieved. His lordship, at this period, executed the office of sheriff for the cos. of Essex and Hertford. This eminent nobleman was no less distinguished by his wisdom in the council and valor in the field, than by his piety and his attachment to the church, of which his numerous munificent endowments bear ample testimony. He had by his wife, Isabel, five sons, who succeeded each other in his lands and honors, and five daughters.
William married Isabel DE CLARE, Countess of Pembroke in Aug 1189 in London, Greater London, England. Isabel (daughter of Richard 'Strongbow' DE CLARE and Aoiffe MAC MURROUGH OF LEINSTER) was born in 1172 in Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales, England; died in 1220; was buried in Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire, Wales, England. [Group Sheet]
|
167. | Isabel DE CLARE, Countess of Pembroke was born in 1172 in Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales, England (daughter of Richard 'Strongbow' DE CLARE and Aoiffe MAC MURROUGH OF LEINSTER); died in 1220; was buried in Tintern Abbey, Monmouthshire, Wales, England. Children:
- Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke was born in 1194; died on 27 Jun 1241; was buried in Temple Church, Temple District, City of London, Greater London, England.
- Anselme MARSHAL, 6th Earl of Pembroke died on 22 Dec 1245.
- Sybil (Sybilla) MARSHAL
- Joan (Joanna) MARSHAL
- William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke was born in 1190; died in 1231; was buried in Temple Church, Temple District, City of London, Greater London, England.
- Richard MARSHAL, 3rd Earl of Pembroke was born in 1191; died on 16 Apr 1234.
- Maud (Matilda) MARSHAL, * was born in 1192; died on 27 Mar 1248.
- Walter MARSHAL, 5th Earl of Pembroke was born in 1198; died in Nov 1245.
- 83. Eve MARSHAL was born about 1199 in Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales, England; died about 1245.
- Isabela MARSHAL was born on 9 Oct 1200; died on 17 Jan 1240.
|
|
176. | Henry II 'Curtmantle' PLANTAGENET, King of England was born on 25 Mar 1133 in Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France (son of Geoffrey V "the Fair" PLANTAGENET, Count of Anjou and Matilda PRINCESS OF ENGLAND); died on 6 Jul 1189 in Chinon Castle, Chinon, Indre-Et-Loire, France; was buried on 8 Jul 1189 in Fontevruad Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Maine-et-Loire, Anjou, France. Notes:
Henry II. Plantaganet, first Plantaganet King of England (1154-1189), known as Curt Mantel, was born at Le Mans, France, on March 15, 1133. At eighteen in 1151 he was invested with the Duchy of Normandy, his mother's heritage, and within a year became also, by his father's death, Count of Anjou; while in 1152 he married Eleanor of Aquitaine, the daughter of William X, Duke of Aquitaine (see his ancestral lineage elsewhere in Vol. I.), and divorced wife of King Louis VII. of France, added Poitou and Guienne to his dominions. In January 1153 he landed in England, and in November a treaty was agreed to whereby Henry was declared successor to King Stephen; he was crowned in 1154 and ruled until his death in 1189. He confirmed the laws of his grandfather, King Henry I, reestablished the exchequer, banished the foreign mercenaries, demolished the hundreds of castles erected in Stephen's reign, and recovered the royal estates. The whole of 1156 he spent in France, reducing his brother, Geoffrey of Nantes, who died in 1158, and having secured his territories, he spent the next five years warring and organizing his possessions on the Continent. Henry's objective was that of all Norman kings, to build up the royal power at the expense of the barons and the church. From the barons his reforms met with little serious opposition; with the clergy he was less successful. To aid him in reducing the church to subjection, he appointed his chancellor, Thomas a Becket to the see of Canterbury. Henry compelled him and the other prelates to agree to the 'Constitution of Clarendon', but Bechet proved a sturdy churchman, and the struggle between him and the monarch terminated only by his murder. In 1174 Henry did penance at Bechet's tomb, but he ended by bringing the church to subordination in civil matters. Meanwhile he organized an expedition to Ireland. The English Pope, Adrian IV, had in 1155 given Henry authority over the entire island of Ireland; and a number of Norman-Welsh knights had gained a footing in the country, among them Richard de Clare, Earl of Pembroke, styled Strongbow, who in 1155 married the heiress of Leinster and assumed rule as the Earl of Leinster. Henry was jealous at the rise of a powerful feudal baronage in Ireland, and during his stay there (1171-1172) he broke the power of Richard Strongbow and the other nobles.
Henry was raised in the French province of Anjou and first visited England in 1142 to defend his mother's claim to the disputed throne of Stephen. His continued possessions were already vast before his coronation. He acquired Normandy and Anjou upon the death of his father in September 1151, and his French holdings more than doubled with his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitane (ex-wife of Louis VII of France). In accordance with the Treaty of Wallingford, a sucession agreement signed by Stephen and Matilda in 1151, Henry was crowned in October 1154. The continental empire ruled by Henry and his sons included the French counties of Brittany, Maine, Poitou, Touraine, Gascony, Anjou, Aquitane and Normandy. Henry was technically a feudal vassal of the King of France, but, in reality owned more territory and was more powerful than his French lord. Although King John (Henry's son) lost most of the English holdings in France, English kings laid claim to the French throne until the fifteenth century. Henry also extended his territory in the British Isles in two significant ways. First, he retrieved Cumbria and Northumbria from Malcolm IV of Scotland and settled the Anglo-Scot border in the North. Secondly, although his success with Welsh campaigns was limited. Henry invaded Ireland and secured an English presence on the island. English and Norman barons in Stephen's reign manipulated feudal law to undermine royal authority. Henry instituted many reforms to weaken traditional feudal ties and strengthen his position. Unathorized castles built during the previous reign were razed. Monetary payments replaced military service as the primary duty of vassals. The exchequer was revitalized to enforce accurate record keeping and tax collection. Incompetent sheriffs were replaced and the authority of royal courts was expanded. Henry empowered a new social class of government clerks that stabilized procedure--the government could operate effectively in the king's absence and would subsequently prove sufficiently tenacious to survive the reign of incompetent kings. Henry's reforms allowed the emergence of a body of common law to replace the disparate customs of feudal and county courts. Jury trials were initiated to end the old Germanic trials by ordeal or battle. Henry's systemanic approach to law provided a common basis for development of royal institutions throughout the entire realm. Henry's plans of dividing his myriad lands and titles evoked treachery from his sons. At the encouragement, and sometimes because of the treatment of their mother, they rebelled against their father several times, often with Louis VII of France as their accomplice. The deaths of Henry, the Young King, in 1183 and Georffrey in 1186, gave no respite from his children's rebvellious nature. Richard, with the assistance of Phillip II Augustus of France, attacked and defeated Henry on July 4, 1189 and forced him to accept a humiliating peace. Henry II died two days later, on July 6, 1189.
Henry II's contemporaries were Louis VII (King of France, 1137-1180), Thomas Beckett (Archbishop of Canterbury), Pope Adrian IV, Frederick I (Frederick Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor) 1152-1190. Henry II, first of the Angevin kings, was one of the most effective of all England's monarchs. He came to the throne amid the anarch of Stephen's reign and promptly collard his errant barons. He refind Norman government and created a capable, self-standing bureaucracy. His energy was equaled by his ambition and intelligence. He survived wars, rebellion, and controversy to successfully rule one of the Middle Ages' most powerful kingdoms.
Henry married Eleanor OF AQUITAINE on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux Cathredal, Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Eleanor (daughter of Duke William X Toulousan OF AQUITAINE and Aenor Chatellerault DE ROUCHEFOUCAULD) was born on 6 Dec 1122 in Chateau de Belin, Guinne, France; died on 1 Apr 1204 in Mirabell Castle, Poitiers, France; was buried in Fontevruad Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Maine-et-Loire, Anjou, France. [Group Sheet]
|
177. | Eleanor OF AQUITAINE was born on 6 Dec 1122 in Chateau de Belin, Guinne, France (daughter of Duke William X Toulousan OF AQUITAINE and Aenor Chatellerault DE ROUCHEFOUCAULD); died on 1 Apr 1204 in Mirabell Castle, Poitiers, France; was buried in Fontevruad Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Maine-et-Loire, Anjou, France. Children:
- William PLANTAGENET, of England was born on 17 Aug 1152 in Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France; died in Apr 1156 in Wallingford Castle, Wallingford, Berkshire, England.
- Henry 'the Young King' PLANTAGANET was born on 28 Feb 1155; died on 11 Jun 1183.
- Matilda PLANTAGENET, of England was born in Jun 1156 in London, Greater London, England; died on 28 Jun 1189 in Brunswick, Germany.
- Richard I 'the Lionheart' PLANTAGENET, King of England was born in 1157; and died.
- Geoffrey II PLANAGENET, of England was born on 23 Sep 1158 in England; died on 19 Aug 1186 in Paris, France.
- Eleanor PLANTAGENET, of Castile was born on 13 Oct 1162 in Domfront, Orne, France; died on 31 Oct 1214 in Las Hueglas, Burgos, Castile, Spain.
- Joan PLANTAGENET, of England was born in Oct 1165 in Angers, Maine-Et-Loire, France; died on 4 Sep 1199 in Fontevruad Abbey, Fontevraud-l'Abbaye, Maine-et-Loire, Anjou, France.
- 88. John I "Lackland" KING OF ENGLAND was born on 24 Dec 1167 in Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England; died on 19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Newark, Nottinghamshire, England; was buried in Worcester Cathedral, Worcester, Worcestershire, England.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|